The Rockhound dictionary
1,043 minerals, gem varieties, rocks, fossils, meteorites, organic gems, and lapidary materials, with how to tell them apart. Shared by everyone who uses Rockhound: pick one of these names when you add a specimen, and its properties fill themselves in.
A
- Abalone shellOrganic gem · H 3–4
- AcanthiteMineral · H 2–2.5
- AchondriteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- AchroiteVariety · H 7–7.5
- Actinolite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- Adamite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- AdulariaVariety · H 6–6.5
- AegirineMineral · H 6
- AgateVariety · H 6.5–7
- Aikinite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- AlabanditeMineral · H 3.5–4
- Alabaster ⚠️Variety · H 2
- AlbiteMineral · H 6–6.5
- AlexandriteVariety · H 8.5
- Allanite-(Ce) ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6
- AllendeMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- AlmandineMineral · H 7–7.5
- Altaite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Alum-(K) ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- AluminiteMineral · H 1–2
- AluniteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Alunogen ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- AmazoniteVariety · H 6–6.5
- Amber ⚠️Organic gem · H 2–2.5
- AmblygoniteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Amethyst ⚠️Variety · H 7
- Ametrine ⚠️Variety · H 7
- Ammolite ⚠️Organic gem · H 3.5–4.5
- AmmoniteFossil
- Amphibole ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- AmphiboliteRock
- AnalcimeMineral · H 5–5.5
- AnapaiteMineral · H 3.5
- AnataseMineral · H 5.5–6
- Ancylite-(Ce)Mineral · H 4–4.5
- AndalusiteMineral · H 6.5–7.5
- Andersonite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- AndesineMineral · H 6–6.5
- AndesiteRock
- Andorite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- AndraditeMineral · H 6.5–7
- Anglesite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- AnhydriteMineral · H 3–3.5
- AnkeriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Annabergite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2.5
- Annite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- AnnulariaFossil
- AnorthiteMineral · H 6–6.5
- AnorthoclaseMineral · H 6–6.5
- AnorthositeRock
- Anthill garnetVariety · H 7–7.5
- Anthophyllite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6
- AnthraciteRock
- AntigoriteMineral · H 2.5–4
- Antimony ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- AntleriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Apache tearsRock · H 5–5.5
- Aphthitalite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- ApliteRock
- AquamarineVariety · H 7.5–8
- AragoniteMineral · H 3.5–4
- ArchaeocyathidFossil
- ArchimedesFossil
- ArfvedsoniteMineral · H 5–6
- ArgyroditeMineral · H 2.5
- ArkoseRock
- Arsenic ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- Arsenolite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5
- Arsenopyrite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6
- ArtiniteMineral · H 2.5
- AsaphusFossil
- AstrophylliteMineral · H 3–3.5
- AtacamiteMineral · H 3–3.5
- Ataxite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- AtrypaFossil
- AugeliteMineral · H 4.5–5
- Augen gneissRock
- AugiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Aurichalcite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–2
- Austinite ⚠️Mineral · H 4–4.5
- Autunite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- AventurineVariety · H 6.5–7
- AxiniteMineral · H 6.5–7
- AzuriteMineral · H 3.5–4
B
- BabingtoniteMineral · H 5.5–6
- BaculitesFossil
- BaddeleyiteMineral · H 6.5
- Baltic amber ⚠️Organic gem · H 2–2.5
- Banded iron formationRock
- BariteMineral · H 3–3.5
- BaryliteMineral · H 7
- BasaltRock
- Bastnäsite-(Ce)Mineral · H 4–4.5
- BaveniteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Bayldonite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5
- Bayleyite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Becquerelite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- BelemniteFossil
- BenitoiteMineral · H 6–6.5
- Berthierite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–3
- BertranditeMineral · H 6–7
- BerylMineral · H 7.5–8
- BerylloniteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Beudantite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4.5
- Billietite ⚠️Mineral
- BinghamiteLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Biotite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Bischofite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–2
- BismuthMineral · H 2–2.5
- BismuthiniteMineral · H 2
- Bituminous coalRock
- BivalveFossil
- BixbyiteMineral · H 6–6.5
- Black coralOrganic gem · H 2.5–4
- Black opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- BlastoidFossil
- BloodstoneVariety · H 6.5–7
- Blue John ⚠️Variety · H 4
- Blue lace agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- BlueschistRock
- Blue topazVariety · H 8
- Blödite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- BoehmiteMineral · H 3–3.5
- Boleite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- Boltwoodite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- BoraciteMineral · H 7–7.5
- Borax ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- BorniteMineral · H 3
- BortVariety · H 10
- BotallackiteMineral · H 3
- Botryogen ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Botswana agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Boulangerite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Boulder opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- Bournonite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- BoweniteVariety · H 5–6
- BrachiopodFossil
- Brannerite ⚠️Mineral · H 4–5
- BrauniteMineral · H 6–6.5
- Brazilian agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- BrazilianiteMineral · H 5.5
- BrecciaRock
- Brecciated jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Breithauptite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5
- BrewsteriteMineral · H 5–5.5
- Brittle starFossil
- BrochantiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Bromargyrite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–2
- BronziteVariety · H 5–6
- BrookiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- BruciteMineral · H 2.5–3
- Bruneau jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- BrushiteMineral · H 2.5
- BryozoanFossil
- Bumblebee jasper ⚠️Lapidary material · H 3–5
- BurbankiteMineral · H 3.5
- BurrowFossil
- BustamiteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- BytowniteMineral · H 6–6.5
C
- Cacoxenite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- CalamitesFossil
- CalaveriteMineral · H 2.5–3
- CalciteMineral · H 3
- Caledonite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Calomel ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- CalymeneFossil
- Campo del Cielo ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- CancriniteMineral · H 5–6
- CanfielditeMineral · H 2.5
- Canyon Diablo ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Carbonaceous chondrite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- CarbonadoVariety · H 10
- CarbonatiteRock
- Carminite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- Carnallite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- CarnelianVariety · H 6.5–7
- Carnotite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- CarrolliteMineral · H 4.5–5.5
- CassiteriteMineral · H 6–7
- Cat's eye chrysoberylVariety · H 8.5
- CavansiteMineral · H 3–4
- Cave bearFossil
- CeladoniteMineral · H 2
- CelestineMineral · H 3–3.5
- CelsianMineral · H 6–6.5
- CeratitesFossil
- Cerussite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- Cervantite ⚠️Mineral · H 4–5
- ChabaziteMineral · H 4–5
- Chalcanthite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- ChalcedonyVariety · H 6.5–7
- ChalcociteMineral · H 2.5–3
- ChalcophaniteMineral · H 2.5
- Chalcophyllite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- ChalcopyriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- ChalcosideriteMineral · H 4.5
- Chalcostibite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- Chalk ⚠️Rock
- ChamositeMineral · H 2–3
- CharoiteMineral · H 5–6
- ChelyabinskMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- ChertRock · H 6.5–7
- ChesapectenFossil
- ChiastoliteVariety · H 6.5–7.5
- ChildreniteMineral · H 4.5–5
- ChioliteMineral · H 3.5–4
- ChlorapatiteMineral · H 5
- Chlorargyrite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2.5
- ChlorastroliteVariety · H 5–6
- ChloriteMineral · H 2–2.5
- ChloritoidMineral · H 6.5
- Chondrite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- ChondroditeMineral · H 6–6.5
- Chrome chalcedonyVariety · H 6.5–7
- Chrome diopsideVariety · H 5.5–6.5
- Chrome tourmalineVariety · H 7–7.5
- ChromiteMineral · H 5.5
- ChrysoberylMineral · H 8.5
- ChrysocollaMineral · H 2–4
- Chrysoprase ⚠️Variety · H 6.5–7
- Chrysotile ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Cinnabar ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- CitrineVariety · H 7
- Claudetite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Clausthalite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- ClaystoneRock
- CleavelanditeVariety · H 6–6.5
- CleonicerasFossil
- ClinoatacamiteMineral · H 3–3.5
- ClinochloreMineral · H 2–2.5
- Clinoclase ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- ClinohedriteMineral · H 5.5
- ClinohumiteMineral · H 6
- ClinoptiloliteMineral · H 3.5–4
- ClinozoisiteMineral · H 6.5–7
- Cobaltite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5
- Cobaltoan calciteVariety · H 3
- Coffinite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- ColemaniteMineral · H 4.5
- Coloradoite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Columbite-(Fe)Mineral · H 6
- Columbite-(Mn)Mineral · H 6
- Common opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- ConcretionRock
- Condor agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- ConglomerateRock
- Conichalcite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5
- ConnelliteMineral · H 3
- ConodontFossil
- Copal ⚠️Organic gem · H 1.5–2.5
- Copiapite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- CopperMineral · H 2.5–3
- CoproliteFossil
- CoquinaRock
- CoralOrganic gem · H 3–4
- CordieriteMineral · H 7–7.5
- CornetiteMineral · H 4.5
- Cornwallite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5
- Coronadite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5–5
- CorundumMineral · H 9
- Cosalite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Cotunnite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2.5
- CovelliteMineral · H 1.5–2
- Cowlesite ⚠️Mineral
- CrandalliteMineral · H 4
- Crazy lace agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- CreediteMineral · H 3.5–4
- CrinoidFossil
- CristobaliteMineral · H 6–7
- Crocoite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- CryoliteMineral · H 2.5–3
- CryptomelaneMineral · H 6–6.5
- CubaniteMineral · H 3.5
- Cumengeite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Cummingtonite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- Cuprite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- Cuprosklodowskite ⚠️Mineral
- Curite ⚠️Mineral · H 4–5
- Cyanotrichite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–3
- Cylindrite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
D
- DaciteRock
- DactyliocerasFossil
- DanaliteMineral · H 5.5–6
- DanburiteMineral · H 7–7.5
- Darwin glassMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- DatoliteMineral · H 5–5.5
- DawsoniteMineral · H 3
- DelafossiteMineral · H 5.5
- DemantoidVariety · H 6.5–7
- Dendritic agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Descloizite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- Desert rose ⚠️Variety · H 2
- DevillineMineral · H 2.5
- DiabaseRock
- Diaboleite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- DiamondMineral · H 10
- DiasporeMineral · H 6.5–7
- DiatomFossil
- Diatomite ⚠️Rock
- DigeniteMineral · H 2.5–3
- Dinosaur boneFossil
- Dinosaur eggshellFossil
- Dinosaur toothFossil
- Dinosaur trackFossil
- DiopsideMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- DioptaseMineral · H 5
- DioriteRock
- DjurleiteMineral · H 2.5–3
- DolomiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- DolostoneRock · H 3.5–4
- Domeykite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- Dominican amber ⚠️Organic gem · H 2–2.5
- DraviteMineral · H 7–7.5
- Dryhead agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Dufrénoysite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- Duftite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- DumortieriteMineral · H 7–8.5
- Dundasite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- DuniteRock
- Dyscrasite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
E
- EchinoidFossil
- EclogiteRock
- Ediacaran fossilsFossil
- EdingtoniteMineral · H 4–4.5
- ElbaiteMineral · H 7–7.5
- ElectrumVariety · H 2.5–3
- Ellensburg blueLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- ElrathiaFossil
- Emerald ⚠️Variety · H 7.5–8
- Enargite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- Enhydro agate ⚠️Lapidary material · H 6.5–7
- EnstatiteMineral · H 5–6
- EosphoriteMineral · H 5
- EpidoteMineral · H 6–7
- EpistilbiteMineral · H 4–4.5
- Epsomite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Erionite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- Erythrite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2.5
- Esperite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–5.5
- Ethiopian opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- EttringiteMineral · H 2–2.5
- Euchroite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- EuclaseMineral · H 7.5
- EucryptiteMineral · H 6.5
- EudialyteMineral · H 5–6
- EurypteridFossil
- Euxenite-(Y) ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6.5
- ExogyraFossil
F
- Fairburn agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- FairfielditeMineral · H 3.5
- Fairy crossVariety · H 7–7.5
- Famatinite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- FaujasiteMineral · H 4.5–5
- FavositesFossil
- FayaliteMineral · H 6.5
- FeldsparMineral · H 6–6.5
- FerberiteMineral · H 4–4.5
- Fergusonite-(Y) ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6.5
- FerrieriteMineral · H 3–3.5
- Fire agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Fire opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- FlintRock · H 6.5–7
- Flos ferri ⚠️Variety · H 3.5–4
- FluoboriteMineral · H 3.5
- Fluor-buergeriteMineral · H 7
- Fluor-liddicoatiteMineral · H 7.5
- Fluor-uviteMineral · H 7.5
- FluorapatiteMineral · H 5
- Fluorapophyllite-(K)Mineral · H 4.5–5
- Fluorite ⚠️Mineral · H 4
- FoititeMineral · H 7
- ForaminiferaFossil
- ForsteriteMineral · H 6.5–7
- Fossil crabFossil
- Fossil fernFossil
- Fossil fishFossil
- Fossil horse toothFossil
- Fossiliferous limestoneRock · H 3–4
- Fossil insectFossil
- Fossil insect in amber ⚠️Fossil · H 2–2.5
- Fossil leaf ⚠️Fossil
- Fossil pineconeFossil
- Fossil whale boneFossil
- Fourmarierite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- Franckeite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- FrankliniteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- Freieslebenite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- FuchsiteVariety · H 2.5–3
- Fuchsite schistRock
- Fulgurite ⚠️Rock
- FusulinidFossil
G
- GabbroRock
- Gadolinite-(Y) ⚠️Mineral · H 6.5–7
- GahniteMineral · H 7.5–8
- Galena ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–2.75
- GarnetMineral · H 6.5–7.5
- Garnet schistRock
- GaspéiteMineral · H 4.5–5
- GastropodFossil
- Gaylussite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Gem silicaVariety · H 6.5–7
- GenthelviteMineral · H 6.5
- GeodeLapidary material
- GerhardtiteMineral · H 2
- GermaniteMineral · H 4
- Gersdorffite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5
- Getchellite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- GibbsiteMineral · H 2.5–3.5
- Gibeon ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- GillespiteMineral · H 3–4
- Ginkgo leafFossil
- GismondineMineral · H 4.5
- Glauberite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Glaucodot ⚠️Mineral · H 5
- GlauconiteMineral · H 2
- GlaucophaneMineral · H 6–6.5
- GlossopterisFossil
- GmeliniteMineral · H 4.5
- GneissRock
- GoethiteMineral · H 5–5.5
- GoldMineral · H 2.5–3
- GoniatiteFossil
- GonnarditeMineral · H 5
- GoosecreekiteMineral · H 4.5
- GosheniteVariety · H 7.5–8
- Goslarite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- GrandidieriteMineral · H 7.5
- GraniteRock
- GranodioriteRock
- GranuliteRock
- GraphiteMineral · H 1–2
- GraptoliteFossil
- Greenockite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- GreenschistRock
- GreywackeRock
- GrossularMineral · H 6.5–7.5
- GroutiteMineral · H 5.5
- Grunerite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- GryphaeaFossil
- Gudmundite ⚠️Mineral · H 6
- Gypsum ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- GyroliteMineral · H 3–4
H
- Hackmanite ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6
- Halite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Halotrichite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- HalysitesFossil
- HambergiteMineral · H 7.5
- Hanksite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- HardystoniteMineral · H 3–4
- HarmotomeMineral · H 4.5
- HaueriteMineral · H 4
- HausmanniteMineral · H 5.5
- HauyneMineral · H 5.5–6
- Hawk's eye ⚠️Variety · H 6.5–7
- HedenbergiteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- HeliodorVariety · H 7.5–8
- HelvineMineral · H 6–6.5
- HematiteMineral · H 5–6
- HemimorphiteMineral · H 4.5–5
- HercyniteMineral · H 7.5–8
- Herkimer diamondVariety · H 7
- HessiteMineral · H 1.5–3
- HessoniteVariety · H 7–7.5
- HetaeroliteMineral · H 6
- HeterogeniteMineral · H 3–5
- HeterositeMineral · H 4–4.5
- HeulanditeMineral · H 3.5–4
- Hexahedrite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Hexahydrite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- HiboniteMineral · H 7.5–8
- HiddeniteVariety · H 6.5–7
- HodgkinsoniteMineral · H 4.5–5
- HollanditeMineral · H 4–6
- Holley blue agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- HopeiteMineral · H 3–3.5
- HornblendeMineral · H 5–6
- Horn coralFossil
- HornfelsRock
- Horseshoe crabFossil
- HowliteMineral · H 3.5
- HumboldtineMineral · H 1.5–2
- HumiteMineral · H 6
- HuntiteMineral · H 1–2
- HureauliteMineral · H 5
- Hutchinsonite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- Hyalite ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- HyalophaneMineral · H 6–6.5
- HydroboraciteMineral · H 2
- Hydrocerussite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- HydromagnesiteMineral · H 3.5
- HydrotalciteMineral · H 2
- Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)Mineral · H 4.5–5
- HydroxylapatiteMineral · H 5
- HydroxylherderiteMineral · H 5–5.5
- HydrozinciteMineral · H 2–2.5
- HübneriteMineral · H 4–4.5
I
- Iceland sparVariety · H 3
- IchthyosaurFossil
- IgnimbriteRock
- IlmeniteMineral · H 5–6
- IlvaiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Imperial jadeVariety · H 6.5–7
- Imperial topazVariety · H 8
- Inca roseVariety · H 3.5–4
- InderiteMineral · H 2.5–3
- IndicoliteVariety · H 7–7.5
- IndochiniteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite · H 5–6
- InesiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- InoceramusFossil
- InyoiteMineral · H 2
- IodargyriteMineral · H 1–1.5
- IoliteVariety · H 7–7.5
- Iris agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Iron ⚠️Mineral · H 4–5
- Iron meteorite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Iron roseVariety · H 5.5–6.5
- IronstoneRock
- IsotelusFossil
- Ivory ⚠️Organic gem · H 2–3
J
- JacobsiteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- JadeLapidary material · H 6–7
- JadeiteMineral · H 6.5–7
- Jamesonite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- JarositeMineral · H 2.5–3.5
- JasperVariety · H 6.5–7
- JasperoidRock · H 6.5–7
- JeremejeviteMineral · H 6.5–7.5
- JetOrganic gem · H 2.5–4
- Johannite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- JohannseniteMineral · H 6
- Jordanite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
K
- KaersutiteMineral · H 5–6
- Kainite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- KaoliniteMineral · H 2–2.5
- Kasolite ⚠️Mineral · H 4–5
- Kentucky agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Kermesite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–1.5
- Kernite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Kidney oreVariety · H 5.5–6.5
- Kieserite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- KimberliteRock
- KinoiteMineral · H 4–5
- KnightiaFossil
- KomatiiteRock
- KornerupineMineral · H 6–7
- Kröhnkite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Kunzite ⚠️Variety · H 6.5–7
- KurnakoviteMineral · H 2.5–3
- KutnohoriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- KyaniteMineral · H 4.5–7
L
- LabradoriteMineral · H 6–6.5
- Laguna agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Lake Superior agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Lanarkite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Langbeinite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- LangiteMineral · H 2.5–3
- Lapis lazuliRock · H 5–5.5
- Larimar ⚠️Variety · H 4.5–5
- LarvikiteRock · H 6–6.5
- LaueiteMineral · H 3
- Laumontite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- Laurionite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- Lavender jadeVariety · H 6.5–7
- LawsoniteMineral · H 6–7.5
- LazuliteMineral · H 5.5–6
- LazuriteMineral · H 5–5.5
- Lead ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5
- Leadhillite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Legrandite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5
- LepidocrociteMineral · H 5
- LepidodendronFossil
- LepidoliteMineral · H 2.5–3.5
- LeuciteMineral · H 5.5–6
- LevyneMineral · H 4–4.5
- LibetheniteMineral · H 4
- Libyan desert glassMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Liebigite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Lignite ⚠️Rock
- LimestoneRock · H 3–4
- Linarite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- LindgreniteMineral · H 4.5
- LinnaeiteMineral · H 4.5–5.5
- Liroconite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Litharge ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- LithiophiliteMineral · H 4–5
- Livingstonite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- LizarditeMineral · H 2.5
- LodestoneVariety · H 5.5–6.5
- Lorandite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- LudlamiteMineral · H 3.5
- LudwigiteMineral · H 5–6
- Lunar meteoriteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Luzonite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- Löllingite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–5.5
M
- MaghemiteMineral · H 5–6
- MagnesiochromiteMineral · H 5.5
- MagnesioferriteMineral · H 6–6.5
- MagnesiteMineral · H 3.5–4.5
- MagnetiteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- Mahogany obsidianRock · H 5–5.5
- MalachiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Malaya garnetVariety · H 7–7.5
- Mammoth ivory ⚠️Organic gem · H 2–3
- Mammoth toothFossil
- Mandarin garnetVariety · H 7–7.5
- ManganiteMineral · H 4
- Manganoan calciteVariety · H 3
- ManganositeMineral · H 5–6
- MarbleRock · H 3–4
- Marcasite ⚠️Mineral · H 6–6.5
- MargariteMineral · H 3.5–4.5
- MarialiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Martian meteoriteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Massicot ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- Mastodon toothFossil
- Matlockite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Matrix opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- Maxixe beryl ⚠️Variety · H 7.5–8
- Mazon Creek noduleFossil
- MeioniteMineral · H 5–6
- MelaniteVariety · H 6.5–7
- Melanterite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- MelliteMineral · H 2–2.5
- Mendipite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Meneghinite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Mercury ⚠️Mineral
- Mesolite ⚠️Mineral · H 5
- Mesosiderite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Meta-autunite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Metacinnabar ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- MetasequoiaFossil
- Metatorbernite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- MetavarisciteMineral · H 3.5
- Metazeunerite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- MeyerhofferiteMineral · H 2
- Miargyrite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Mica ⚠️Mineral · H 2–3
- Mica schistRock
- MicroclineMineral · H 6–6.5
- MigmatiteRock
- MilariteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Milky quartzVariety · H 7
- Millerite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- Mimetite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- Minium ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Mirabilite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- Mixite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- MoldaviteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite · H 5.5–6
- MolybdeniteMineral · H 1–1.5
- Monazite-(Ce) ⚠️Mineral · H 5–5.5
- Montana agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- MontebrasiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- MonticelliteMineral · H 5–5.5
- Montmorillonite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–2
- MonzoniteRock
- MookaiteLapidary material
- MoonstoneVariety · H 6–6.5
- Mordenite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- Morenosite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- MorganiteVariety · H 7.5–8
- Morion ⚠️Variety · H 7
- MosasaurFossil
- Moschellandsbergite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- Moss agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Mother of pearlOrganic gem · H 3–4
- Mottramite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- MucrospiriferFossil
- MudstoneRock
- MulliteMineral · H 6–7
- Muonionalusta ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Muscovite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- MyloniteRock
- Myrickite ⚠️Lapidary material · H 6.5–7
N
- Nagyagite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–1.5
- Nahcolite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- NatroliteMineral · H 5–5.5
- Natron ⚠️Mineral · H 1–1.5
- NautiloidFossil
- NephelineMineral · H 5.5–6
- NephriteVariety · H 6–6.5
- NeptuniteMineral · H 5–6
- NesquehoniteMineral · H 2.5
- NeuropterisFossil
- Nickeline ⚠️Mineral · H 5–5.5
- Nickelskutterudite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6
- Niter ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- Nitratine ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- NorbergiteMineral · H 6–6.5
- NoriteRock
- NorthupiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- NoseanMineral · H 5.5–6
- NummuliteFossil
O
- ObsidianRock · H 5–5.5
- Ocean jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Octahedrite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- OffretiteMineral · H 4
- Oil shaleRock
- Okenite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5–5
- OlenellusFossil
- OligoclaseMineral · H 6–6.5
- Olivenite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- OlivineMineral · H 6.5–7
- OmphaciteMineral · H 5–6
- OnyxVariety · H 6.5–7
- Oolitic limestoneRock · H 3–4
- Opal ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6.5
- Ordinary chondrite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- Oregon sunstoneVariety · H 6–6.5
- OreodontFossil
- Orpiment ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- OrthocerasFossil
- OrthoclaseMineral · H 6
- Otavite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- Otodus megalodonFossil
P
- PachnoliteMineral · H 3
- PadparadschaVariety · H 9
- PainiteMineral · H 8
- Pallasite ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- PalygorskiteMineral · H 2–2.5
- PapagoiteMineral · H 5–5.5
- ParadoxidesFossil
- Paralaurionite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Pararealgar ⚠️Mineral · H 1–1.5
- Paraíba tourmalineVariety · H 7–7.5
- PargasiteMineral · H 5–6
- Parisite-(Ce)Mineral · H 4.5
- Pearl ⚠️Organic gem · H 2.5–4.5
- PecopterisFossil
- PectoliteMineral · H 4.5–5
- PegmatiteRock
- PentagoniteMineral · H 3–4
- PentlanditeMineral · H 3.5–4
- PericlaseMineral · H 5.5–6
- PeridotVariety · H 6.5–7
- PeridotiteRock
- PerovskiteMineral · H 5.5
- Peruvian opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- PetaliteMineral · H 6–6.5
- Petoskey stoneFossil
- Petrified palm woodFossil · H 6.5–7
- Petrified woodFossil · H 6.5–7
- PetziteMineral · H 2.5–3
- PezzottaiteMineral · H 8
- PhacopsFossil
- Pharmacolite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Pharmacosiderite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- PhenakiteMineral · H 7.5–8
- PhillipsiteMineral · H 4–4.5
- Phlogopite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–3
- Phoenicochroite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- PhonoliteRock
- Phosgenite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–3
- Phosphophyllite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- PhosphoriteRock
- PhosphosideriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- PhylliteRock
- Pickeringite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- Picture jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- PiemontiteMineral · H 6–6.5
- Pietersite ⚠️Lapidary material · H 6.5–7
- PirssoniteMineral · H 3–3.5
- PitchstoneRock
- Plagionite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- PlancheiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- PlatinumMineral · H 4–4.5
- Plattnerite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5
- PlesiosaurFossil
- Plume agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- PolluciteMineral · H 6.5–7
- Polybasite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–3
- Polychrome jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Polycrase-(Y) ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- Polyhalite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3.5
- Poppy jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- PorphyryRock
- PowelliteMineral · H 3.5–4
- PrasioliteVariety · H 7
- Precious opal ⚠️Variety · H 5.5–6.5
- PrehniteMineral · H 6–6.5
- PriceiteMineral · H 3–3.5
- ProbertiteMineral · H 3.5
- ProductidFossil
- Proustite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Pseudoboleite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- PseudobrookiteMineral · H 6
- PseudomalachiteMineral · H 4–4.5
- PterosaurFossil
- PuddingstoneRock
- PumiceRock
- Pumpellyite-(Mg)Mineral · H 5–6
- PurpuriteMineral · H 4–4.5
- Pyrargyrite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Pyrite ⚠️Mineral · H 6–6.5
- Pyrite sun ⚠️Variety · H 6–6.5
- Pyritized ammonite ⚠️Fossil
- PyroauriteMineral · H 2.5
- Pyrochlore ⚠️Mineral · H 5–5.5
- PyrochroiteMineral · H 2.5–3
- PyrolusiteMineral · H 2–6.5
- Pyromorphite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- PyropeMineral · H 7–7.5
- PyrophaniteMineral · H 5
- PyrophylliteMineral · H 1–2
- PyroxeneMineral · H 5.5–7
- PyroxeniteRock
- PyroxmangiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- PyrrhotiteMineral · H 3.5–4.5
Q
- QuartzMineral · H 7
- Quartz areniteRock
- QuartziteRock · H 7
R
- Rainbow garnetVariety · H 6.5–7
- Rainbow moonstoneVariety · H 6–6.5
- Rainbow obsidianRock · H 5–5.5
- Rammelsbergite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6
- Raspite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Realgar ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- Red berylVariety · H 7.5–8
- Red jasperLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- RhodiziteMineral · H 8–8.5
- RhodochrositeMineral · H 3.5–4
- RhodoliteVariety · H 7–7.5
- RhodoniteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- RhyoliteRock
- Richterite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- Riebeckite ⚠️Mineral · H 4–6
- Rock crystalVariety · H 7
- Rock gypsumRock · H 1.5–2
- Rock salt ⚠️Rock · H 2–2.5
- RomanechiteMineral · H 5–6
- RosasiteMineral · H 4
- Roselite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- Rose quartz ⚠️Variety · H 7
- Rose rockVariety · H 3–3.5
- RubelliteVariety · H 7–7.5
- RubyVariety · H 9
- Ruby in zoisiteLapidary material
- Rutherfordine ⚠️Mineral
- Rutilated quartzVariety · H 7
- RutileMineral · H 6–6.5
- Römerite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
S
- Safflorite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5–5
- Sagenitic agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Salammoniac ⚠️Mineral · H 1–2
- Samarskite-(Y) ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- Sand dollarFossil
- SandstoneRock
- SanidineMineral · H 6
- SapphireVariety · H 9
- SapphirineMineral · H 7.5
- SardVariety · H 6.5–7
- SardonyxVariety · H 6.5–7
- Sartorite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- Sassolite ⚠️Mineral · H 1
- Satin spar ⚠️Variety · H 2
- ScaphitesFossil
- ScheeliteMineral · H 4.5–5
- SchistRock
- Schoepite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- SchorlMineral · H 7
- SchorlomiteMineral · H 7–7.5
- SchreibersiteMineral · H 6.5–7
- Schröckingerite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- ScoleciteMineral · H 5–5.5
- ScoriaRock
- Scorodite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- ScorzaliteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Scottish agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Selenite ⚠️Variety · H 2
- Semseyite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Senarmontite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- SepioliteMineral · H 2–2.5
- Septarian noduleRock
- SeranditeMineral · H 4.5–5.5
- Serpentine ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–4
- Serpentinite ⚠️Rock
- Seymchan ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- ShaleRock
- Shark toothFossil
- Shatter coneMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- ShattuckiteMineral · H 3.5
- ShortiteMineral · H 3
- SideriteMineral · H 3.5–4.5
- SiegeniteMineral · H 4.5–5.5
- SigillariaFossil
- Sikhote-Alin ⚠️Meteorite, tektite, or impactite
- SillimaniteMineral · H 6.5–7.5
- SiltstoneRock
- SilverMineral · H 2.5–3
- SinhaliteMineral · H 6.5–7
- SkarnRock
- Sklodowskite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–3
- Skutterudite ⚠️Mineral · H 5.5–6
- SlateRock
- SmithsoniteMineral · H 4–4.5
- Smoky quartz ⚠️Variety · H 7
- Snowflake obsidianRock · H 5–5.5
- Soapstone ⚠️Rock · H 1–2.5
- SodaliteMineral · H 5.5–6
- Soddyite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5
- SpangoliteMineral · H 2–3
- SpectroliteVariety · H 6–6.5
- SpeculariteVariety · H 5.5–6.5
- Sperrylite ⚠️Mineral · H 6–7
- SpessartineMineral · H 6.5–7.5
- SphaleriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- SpherocobaltiteMineral · H 3–4
- SpinelMineral · H 7.5–8
- Spinosaurus toothFossil
- SpiriferFossil
- Spirit quartzVariety · H 7
- Spodumene ⚠️Mineral · H 6.5–7
- SpongeFossil
- StanniteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Star diopsideVariety · H 5.5–6.5
- StarfishFossil
- Star garnetVariety · H 7–7.5
- Star rubyVariety · H 9
- Star sapphireVariety · H 9
- StauroliteMineral · H 7–7.5
- StelleriteMineral · H 3.5–5
- Stephanite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- SternbergiteMineral · H 1–1.5
- Stibnite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- StichtiteMineral · H 1.5–2
- StigmariaFossil
- StilbiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- StilpnomelaneMineral · H 3–4
- Stolzite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- StrengiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- StromatoliteFossil
- StromeyeriteMineral · H 2.5–3
- StrontianiteMineral · H 3.5
- StruviteMineral · H 1.5–2
- SueviteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite
- SugiliteMineral · H 5.5–6.5
- Sulphur ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2.5
- SulvaniteMineral · H 3.5
- SunstoneVariety · H 6–6.5
- Sweetwater agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- SyeniteRock
- SylvaniteMineral · H 1.5–2
- Sylvite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Synchysite-(Ce)Mineral · H 4.5
- SzaibelyiteMineral · H 3–3.5
T
- TaeniteMineral · H 5–5.5
- TalcMineral · H 1
- Tantalite-(Mn)Mineral · H 6–6.5
- Tanzanite ⚠️Variety · H 6–7
- Tapiolite-(Fe)Mineral · H 6–6.5
- TarbuttiteMineral · H 3.5–4
- TektiteMeteorite, tektite, or impactite · H 5–6
- TelluriumMineral · H 2–2.5
- Tennantite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4.5
- TenoriteMineral · H 3.5–4
- TephroiteMineral · H 6
- TetradymiteMineral · H 1.5–2
- Tetrahedrite ⚠️Mineral · H 3.5–4
- Thenardite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Thermonatrite ⚠️Mineral · H 1–1.5
- ThomsenoliteMineral · H 2
- ThomsoniteMineral · H 5–5.5
- Thorianite ⚠️Mineral · H 6–7
- Thorite ⚠️Mineral · H 4.5–5
- ThuliteVariety · H 6–6.5
- Thunder Bay amethyst ⚠️Variety · H 7
- ThundereggLapidary material
- Tiemannite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Tiger's eye ⚠️Variety · H 6.5–7
- Tincalconite ⚠️Mineral · H 2
- TitaniteMineral · H 5–5.5
- TodorokiteMineral · H 1.5
- TonaliteRock
- Topaz ⚠️Mineral · H 8
- TopazoliteVariety · H 6.5–7
- Torbernite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Tourmalinated quartzVariety · H 7
- TourmalineMineral · H 7–7.5
- Trace fossilFossil
- TrachyteRock
- Trapiche emerald ⚠️Variety · H 7.5–8
- TravertineRock · H 3–4
- Tree agateLapidary material · H 6.5–7
- Tremolite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- TridymiteMineral · H 7
- TrilobiteFossil
- TriphyliteMineral · H 4–5
- TripliteMineral · H 5–5.5
- TroiliteMineral · H 3.5–4
- Trona ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- TsavoriteVariety · H 7–7.5
- TufaRock
- TuffRock
- TugtupiteMineral · H 4–6.5
- TunelliteMineral · H 2.5
- TungstiteMineral · H 2.5
- Turquoise ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- TurritellaFossil
- Tyuyamunite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
U
- Ulexite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5
- Ullmannite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–5.5
- UnakiteRock · H 6–7
- Uraninite ⚠️Mineral · H 5–6
- Uranophane ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- UvaroviteMineral · H 6.5–7.5
V
- Valentinite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- Vanadinite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–4
- VarisciteMineral · H 3.5–4.5
- Vauquelinite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- VauxiteMineral · H 3.5
- VerdeliteVariety · H 7–7.5
- VerditeRock
- VesuvianiteMineral · H 6–7
- Villiaumite ⚠️Mineral · H 2–2.5
- Vivianite ⚠️Mineral · H 1.5–2
- VolborthiteMineral · H 3.5
- Volcanic bombRock
- Voltaite ⚠️Mineral · H 3
- VonseniteMineral · H 5
W
- WairakiteMineral · H 5.5–6
- WarditeMineral · H 5
- Watermelon tourmalineVariety · H 7–7.5
- WavelliteMineral · H 3.5–4
- WeddelliteMineral · H 4
- WhewelliteMineral · H 2.5–3
- WhitlockiteMineral · H 5
- WillemiteMineral · H 5.5
- Witherite ⚠️Mineral · H 3–3.5
- WodginiteMineral · H 5.5
- WolframiteMineral · H 4–4.5
- WollastoniteMineral · H 4.5–5
- Wulfenite ⚠️Mineral · H 2.5–3
- WurtziteMineral · H 3.5–4
X
- Xenotime-(Y) ⚠️Mineral · H 4–5
- XonotliteMineral · H 6–6.5
Y
- Yogo sapphireVariety · H 9
- YugawaraliteMineral · H 4.5–5
Z
The dictionary's figures are typical ones, and specimens vary. ⚠️ marks entries with a caution (toxic, radioactive, or easily damaged): open one to see what to do.